The Samba
History
The Samba was imported from Brazil and was introduced to the
DANCE MASTERS ASSOCIATION OF NEW YORK in 1929. Like many
Brazilian dances, the music is based on Negro rhythms,
combined with an expressive melodic line, usually in 2/4
time and written in a major key. It is a serenade in form,
with repetitions of the melodic pattern continually
interrupted by strumming of a stringed instrument. It first
became famous in Rio de Janeiro and later the fascinating
form was taken up by serious Latin American composers.
The Samba is danced in a moderate-to-slow tempo in South
America, but usually to a faster tempo in the United States.
However, at a slower pace, one has more control and the
tantalizing elements of the dance may be more easily
effected. The basic spring-like knee action, a fall and rise
movement called the "Samba Pulse", must be continuous, with
emphasis on the downward, rather than the upward movements.
This brightly spirited dance has endured the test of time
and now ranks high among the popular social dances.
Music and Tempo
The Samba music is written in 2/4 time (some are written in
4/4 time), and should be played at a tempo of 52-56 measures
per minute for examinations and competitions.
Style
The Samba is a spot dance; however, some progression along
the Line of Dance (LOD) is seen. Steps are generally quite
compact, with feet usually no more than 12 inches apart.
However, slightly larger steps are sometimes taken when more
progression is needed. Samba Pulse is used throughout the
dance, unless otherwise indicated. The spring-like knee
action of the Samba Pulse can be danced smoothly with only
slight flexing and rise; or with a more pronounced and
spirited flexing and rise -- as the music directs. This
dance has a forward and backward movement of the upper body
called "Pendulum Motion", as well as a rolling effect
executed on some turning figures.
Samba Pulse
A characteristic of the dance is the bounce-like action
called SAMBA PULSE suggested in the music. The Samba Pulse
action is danced as follows:
a -- straighten both knees slightly
1 -- flex both knees slightly
& -- straighten both knees slightly
2 -- flex both knees slightly
